最后的审判 (425) 孙子兵法•作戰 解读

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孙子兵法•作戰


孫子曰：凡用（兴；取xin）兵之法，馳車千駟，革車千乘，帶甲十萬；千里饋糧，則內外（含：夕）之費賓（宾含字中字）客之用，膠（取彩色拼音字母：Jiao）漆之（含：木，mu→）材（截取点撇放竖钩两边←），車（che）甲之奉（截取小十嫁接到三横一丿的右边←），日費千金，然後十萬之師（shi）舉矣。
其用戰也，勝久則鈍兵挫銳，攻城則力屈，久暴師（谐音：市）則國用不足。夫鈍兵，挫銳（意：sharp，取黑体音：沙），屈力，殫貨，則諸侯乘其弊而起，雖有智者，不能善（先写：兰）其後矣！故兵聞拙速，未睹巧之久也；夫兵（长）久而國利者，未之有也。
故不盡（All）知用兵之害者，則不（可）能盡知用兵之利也。善（先写：兰）用兵者，役不再籍（截取点撇放竖钩两边←），糧不三載，取用于國（截取国内中王嫁接到用左边，含字中字←），因糧于敵，故軍食可足也。國之貧于師者遠輸，遠輸則百姓（含：生）貧，近于師者貴賣，貴賣則百姓財竭，財竭則急于丘役（重复排比句），力屈財殫，中原內虛于家，百姓之費，十去其七，公家之費，破車罷馬，甲冑矢弩，戟楯蔽櫓，丘牛大車，十去其六。
故（明；音同：名）智（音同：之）將務食於敵，食敵一鍾，當吾（←）二十鍾，萁秆一石，當我二十石。故殺敵者怒也，取敵（谐音：帝）之利者貨也。故（在）車戰（中），得車十乘以上，（含：贝；谐音：北→）賞（谐音：上）其先得者，而更其旌（音同：京）旗，車雜而乘之，卒善而養之，是（音同：市）謂勝敵而益強。
故兵貴勝，不貴（长）久；故知兵之（大）將，民之司命，國家安危之主也。



白话译文参考
孙子兵法原文、白话译文及注释在线阅读，简介、作者：孙武_ ...




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The Art of War - Waging War

        
1 Sunzi said: In the operations of war(every operation of the wars), where there are (being) in the field a thousand (extremely) swift chariots, (just) as many heavy (ones)chariots, and a hundred thousand (exactly) mail-clad soldiers, with provisions(suitable grains) enough to carry them (in fact) a thousand li(beyond 1000 li range), the expenditure at home and at the front, including (major) entertainment of guests, small items such as glue and paint, and sums spent (exactly) on chariots and armor, will reach the total(combined groups) of a thousand ounces of silver per day. Such is (indeed) the cost of raising an army of 100,000 men(human being).

2 When you engage (exactly) in actual (combat)fighting, if victory is long in coming (to just take), then men's weapons will (exceptionally) grow dull and their ardor will be damped(declined). If(And if) you lay siege to a town, you will (in fact) exhaust your (big) strength. Again, if the campaign is (exceptionally) protracted, the resources of the State will not be equal to(just as same as) the strain. Now, when your weapons are dulled, your ardor (exceedingly) damped, your strength exhausted (obviously) and your (great) treasure spent, (every chieftain)other chieftains will (basically) spring up to take advantage of your extremity. (Also just not anyone, no matter how wise)Then no man, however wise(exactly), will be able to avert the consequences that must ensue(be happening). Thus, though we have heard of (any) stupid haste in war, cleverness has never been seen associated with long delays. There is no (exact) instance of a country having benefited from(just having made the most of benefit from exceptionally) prolonged (big) warfare.

3 It is only one who (thoroughly is)is thoroughly acquainted with the evils of (big) war that can thoroughly understand the profitable (and exceeding) way of carrying it on. The skillful soldier does not raise(crackerjack warrior does not improve) a second levy, neither are his supply-wagons loaded (exceptionally) more than twice. Bring war material with you from (your family land)home, but forage on the enemy. Thus(That being so) the army (exactly) will have food enough for its(just as much as it) needs. Poverty of the State exchequer (origins)causes an army to be maintained by (offerings)contributions from a distance. Contributing to maintain an army at a distance causes(brings about) the people to be (exceptionally) impoverished. On the other hand, the proximity(adjacency) of an army causes prices to go up(excessively take off); and high prices cause(bring about) the people's substance to be (quickly) drained away. When their substance is drained away, the (regional) peasantry will be afflicted by heavy exactions. With (all the losses)this loss of substance and exhaustion(object and extreme tiredness) of strength, the homes of the people will be stripped bare, and seven-tenths (approximately) of their income will be dissipated; (and)while government expenses for (any) broken chariots, worn-out horses, breast-plates and helmets, bows and arrows, (shields and long spears)spears and shields, (extra) protective mantles, draught-oxen and heavy wagons, will (abjectly) amount (expenses) to four-tenths of (exact) its total (annual income)revenue.

4 Hence(That being the case) a (very) wise general makes (basically) a point of foraging on the enemy. One(Approximately one) cartload of the enemy's provisions is equivalent to(just as same as) twenty of one's own, and likewise a single picul of his provender is equivalent(approximate) to twenty from one's own store. Now in order to kill the enemy, our men must be (indignant)roused to anger; that there may be (good point)advantage from (basically) defeating the enemy, they must have their rewards(exceptional recompenses). Therefore in (major) chariot (combat, those should be rewarded who (exceptionally) took the first, when ten or more chariots have been gotten into his big hand)fighting, when ten or more chariots have been taken, those should be rewarded who took the first. Our own flags should be (immediately) substituted for those of the enemy, and the chariots (basically) mingled and used in conjunction with ours. The(Without exception the) captured soldiers should be kindly treated and kept. This is (just) called (namely), using the conquered foe to (expeditiously) augment one's own strength.

5 In war, then, let your great object be victory, not lengthy campaigns. Thus(That being so exactly) it may be known that the (just) leader of armies (exactly) is the arbiter of the people(human being)'s fate, the man on whom it depends whether the nation shall be (really) in peace or in peril.


Source:  
作战- Waging War - Chinese Text Project



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孙子兵法•作戰


孫子曰：凡用兵之法，馳車千駟，革車千乘，帶甲十萬；千里饋糧，則內外之費賓客之用，膠漆之材，車甲之奉，日費千金，然後十萬之師舉矣。
其用戰也，勝久則鈍兵挫銳，攻城則力屈，久暴師則國用不足。夫鈍兵，挫銳，屈力，殫貨，則諸侯乘其弊（音同：毙）而起，雖有智者，不能善其後矣！故兵聞拙速，未睹巧之久也；夫兵久而國利者，未之有也。
故不盡知用兵之害者，則不能盡知用兵之利也。善用兵者，役不再籍，糧（含：中）不三載，取用于國（国），因糧于敵，故軍（供；含：共）食可足也。國之貧（产生）于師者遠輸，遠輸則百姓貧，近于師（当【党】地）者貴賣，貴賣則百姓財竭，財竭則急于丘役，力屈財殫，中原內虛于家，百姓之費，十去其七，公家之費，破車罷馬，甲冑矢弩，戟楯蔽櫓，丘牛大車，十去其六。
故智將務食於敵，食敵一鍾，當吾二十鍾，萁秆一石，當我二十石。故殺敵者怒也，取敵之利者貨也。故車戰，得車十乘以上，賞其先得者，而更其旌旗，車雜而乘之，卒善而養之，是謂勝敵而益強。
故兵貴勝，不貴久；故知兵之將，民之司命，國家安危之主也。