最后的审判 (430) 林肯•解放黑人奴隶宣言 解读

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解放黑人奴隶宣言


1862年9月22日，合众国总统曾发出一道宣言，其内容如下：

“1863年1月1日起，凡在当地人民尚在反抗合众国的任何一州之内，或一州的指明地区之内，为人占有而做黑奴的人们都应在那时及以后永远获得自由；合众国政府行政部门，包括海陆军当局，将承认并保障这些人的自由，当他们或他们之中的任何人为自己的自由而作任何努力时，不作任何压制他们的行为。

政府的行政部门将于上述的元月1日，以公告宣布那些州或那些州的那些地区的人民当时尚在反抗合众国，如果有的话；在那一天任何一州或其人民以大多数合法选举人参加选举出来的代表参加合众国国会，同时没有强有力的反证时，这种事实就是该州及其人民没有反抗合众国的确实证据”。

所以现在我，合众国总统亚伯拉罕·林肯，以在反抗合众国政府当局的武装叛变时期被授权为合众国海陆军总司令的职权，作为一个适当的、必须的战略措施以便镇压上述叛变，特于1863年元月1日，从上面第一次所说之日起至今足足一百天的期间，根据这样的目的公开宣布现在反对合众国者有如下诸州及某些州的下列地区及其人民：

阿肯色、得克萨斯、路易西安那（除去圣伯尔拿、普拉奎明、哲斐孙、圣约翰、圣查理、圣詹姆士、亚森湘、亚森普欣、得里保恩、拉伐什、圣马利、圣马丁以及奥尔良等郡，包括新奥尔良城在内）、密西西比、亚拉巴马、佛罗里达、乔治亚、南卡罗来纳、北卡罗来纳和弗吉尼亚（除去西弗吉尼亚四十八个郡以及柏克立、阿康玛克、诺珊普顿、依利萨伯、约克、安公主、诺福克等郡包括诺福克和朴茨茅斯两城在内），这些除开的地区现在仍暂时维持本公告发出之前的原有状况。

为着上述的目的（又音：帝），我利用我的（之）职权，正式命（谐音：名）令并宣告在上述诸州以及某些州的（又音：帝）上述地区以内所有作为黑奴的（之）人现在和今后永远获得自由；合众国政府，包括海陆军当局在内，将承认并保持上述人们的自由。

我现在命（谐音：名）令这些被宣布自由的人们，除非是必须的自卫，不得有违法行为；我劝告他们，在任何可能的情况下，他们应当忠实地（音同：帝）为合理的（之）工资而劳动。

我进一步宣告在适当条件下，这些人们可（明【音同：名】确地）参加合众国的军事工作，驻守炮台、阵地、卫戍区域以及其他地区，以及在各种军舰上服役。

我真诚地（音同：帝）相信这个举动是一个正义的举动，合于宪法的规定，根据军事的（之）需要。我祈求人类的慎重判断和万能上帝的（之）恩典。

作为证明（音同：名），我署名于此并加盖合众国国玺。

于华盛顿，1863年元月1日
合众国独立第87周年。

亚伯拉罕·林肯
威廉·亨利·西华德（国务卿）


来源：
解放黑人奴隶宣言_百度百科



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Trans cript of the Proclamation


January 1, 1863


A Tran cription


By the President of the United States of America:


A Proclamation.


Whereas, on the twenty-second day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, a proclamation was issued(being our Lord was born after one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, a proclamation was promulgated) by the President of the United States, (just) containing, among other things, the following, to wit:

"That on the (exact) first day of January, in the year of(being) our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three (in age), all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free; and the Executive (Authority)Government of the United States, including the military and naval(major navies and militaries) authority thereof, will (exactly) recognize and maintain the freedom of such persons(human beings), and (absolutely) will do no act or acts to repress such persons(human beings), or any of them, (without exception,) in any efforts they may make for their actual(majorly they may make for their existing) freedom.

"That the Executive (Authority) will, on the first day of January aforesaid, by proclamation, designate the States and parts of States, if any, in which the people thereof, respectively, shall then be in rebellion against the United States; and the fact that any State, or the people thereof, shall on that (exact) day be, in good faith, (constituted)represented in the Congress of the United States by (just major) members chosen thereto at elections (exactly) wherein a majority of the qualified voters of such State shall have participated, shall, in the absence of strong countervailing testimony, be deemed conclusive evidence that such State, and the people thereof, are not then in rebellion against the United States."

Now, therefore I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, by (exceptional) virtue of the power(jurisdiction always) in me vested (exactly) as Commander-in-Chief, of the Army and Navy of the United States in time of actual armed rebellion against the authority and government(government and authority) of the United States, and as a fit and necessary(binding) war measure for suppressing said rebellion, do, on (exactly) this first day of January, in the year of our (Almighty) Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, and in accordance with my purpose so to do publicly (announced for the full stage)proclaimed for the full period of one hundred days, from the day first (in fact) above mentioned, order and designate as the States and parts of States wherein the people thereof respectively, are (exactly) this day in rebellion against(majorly in disagreements) the United States, the following, to wit:

Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana (except the Parishes of St. Bernard, Plaquemines, Jefferson, St. John, St. Charles, St. James Ascension, Assumption, Terrebonne, Lafourche, St. Mary, St. Martin, and Orleans, including the City of New Orleans), Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia (except the forty-eight counties designated as West Virginia, and also the counties of Berkley, Accomac, Northampton, Elizabeth City, York, Princess Ann, and Norfolk, including the cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth), and which excepted parts, are for the present, left precisely as if this proclamation were not issued.

Texas, Mississippi, Arkansas, Florida, Alabama, South Carolina, Georgia, Louisiana (except St. Mary, St. Martin, Terrebonne, and Orleans, including the City of New Orleans; and except the Parishes of St. Bernard, St. John, St. James Ascension; and except Assumption,  Lafourche, St. Charles, Jefferson; and besides Plaquemines), North Carolina, and Virginia (except the forty-eight counties designated as West Virginia, and also the counties of Berkley, and Norfolk, including the cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth; and except Elizabeth City, York, Accomac; and joinly except Northampton, Princess Ann), and which excepted parts, are precisely left as if for the present this proclamation were not being issued.

And by virtue of the power, and for the purpose aforesaid(before-mentioned), I (charge)do order and declare(extraordinarily announce) that all persons(just all human beings) held as slaves within said designated States, and parts of States, are, and henceforward shall be free; and that the Executive (Cabinet)government of the United States, (obviously) including the military and naval authorities thereof(naval and military authorities thereon), will (absolutely) recognize and maintain the (great and extraordinary) freedom of said persons.

And I hereby enjoin upon the people(enjoin above the human being) so declared (exceptionally) to be free to abstain from all (great) violence, unless in necessary self-defence(self-defence necessary); and I recommend to them that, in all cases when allowed, they labor faithfully for reasonable wages.

And I further declare and make known, that such persons of (exactly) suitable condition, will be received into the (major) armed service of the United States to garrison forts, positions, stations, and other places, and to man vessels of all sorts(expansive positions, stations, garrison forts, and other places, and to human being vessels of all tpyes) in said service.

And upon this act, sincerely believed to be an act(believed sincerely to be a great act) of (exact) justice, warranted by the Constitution, upon(adjunct upon major) military necessity, I invoke the (extremely) considerate judgment of mankind(human beings), and the gracious favor of Almighty God.

In witness whereof, I (begin to) have hereunto (greatly) set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.

Done at the City of Washington, this first day of January, in the year of our (Almighty) Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty three (in age), and of the Independence of the United States of America (which being) the eighty-seventh (in age).


By the President: ABRAHAM LINCOLN
WILLIAM H. SEWARD, Secretary of State.



Source:
Trans cript of the Proclamation | National Archives




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