最后的审判 (432) 孙子兵法•九变 解读

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孙子兵法•九变


孙子曰：凡用兵之法，将（取彩色拼音字母：Jiang）受（截取点撇放竖钩两边←）命（谐音：名）（ming）于君（上含字中字←），合（he）军聚众；圮地无舍（she），衢地合交，绝地无留，围地则谋，死地则战，途有所不由，军有所不击，城有所不攻，地有所不争，君（上含字中字）命（谐音：名）有所不受。故将通于（截取点撇放竖钩两边）九变之利者，知用兵矣。将不通于九变之利者，虽知地（音同：帝）形，（尚【音同：上】且）不能得地之利矣。治兵不知九变之术，虽知地（音同：帝）利，（尚【音同：上】且）不能得人之用矣。

是故智者之虑，必杂于利害，杂于利而务可信也，杂于害而患可解也。是故屈诸侯者以害，役诸侯者以业，趋诸侯者以利。

故用兵之法，无恃其不来，恃吾有以待之；无恃其不攻，恃吾有所不可攻也。

故将有五危：必死可杀，必生可虏，忿速可侮，廉（内含字中字）洁可辱，爱民可烦（截取点撇放竖钩两边）；凡此五危，将之过也，用兵之灾也。覆军杀将，必以五危，不可不察也。



白话译文参考
孙子兵法原文、白话译文及注释在线阅读，简介、作者：孙武_ ...




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The Art of War - Variation in Tactics


1 Sunzi said (seriously): In war, the general receives(obtains) his commands from the sovereign, (extraordinarily) collects his army and concentrates his forces When(and concentrates his major armies. When) in difficult(excessively hard) country, do not encamp. In country where high roads intersect, join(combine) hands with your allies. Do not linger in dangerously isolated positions. In hemmed-in situations, you must resort to(bring into play) stratagem. In(Exactly in) desperate position, you must fight. There are roads which must not be followed, (major) armies which must be not (excessively) attacked, towns which must (not) be besieged, positions which (ought not to)must not be contested, commands of the (mighty) sovereign which must not be obeyed (indeed). The general who thoroughly understands(exceptionally comprehends) the advantages that (majorly) accompany (these variations)variation of tactics knows how to handle his troops(exactly his armed forces). The general who does not understand these, may be well acquainted with the configuration of the country, yet he will not be able to turn his knowledge to (exactly) practical account. So, the student of war(major armed conflicts) who is unversed (exactly) in the art of war of varying his plans, even though he be acquainted with the Five Advantages, will fail to make(apply) the best use of his men.

2 Hence(That being so, ) in the wise leader's plans, (extra) considerations of advantage and of disadvantage will be blended together(just in the same site). If our expectation of advantage be (toned down)tempered in this way, we may succeed(take over a job) in accomplishing the essential part(necessary section) of our schemes. If, on the other hand, in the midst of difficulties we are always ready to seize(grab virtually) an advantage,, we may extricate ourselves from misfortune(majorly from ample misfortunes). Reduce the (exceptionally) hostile chiefs by inflicting damage on them; and make trouble for them, and keep them constantly (insured)engaged; hold out specious(basic gingerbreads as) allurements, and make them rush (exceptionally) to any given point.

3 The art of war(major war fundamentally) teaches us to rely not on the likelihood of the enemy's(exceptional possibility of the rival's) not coming, but on our own readiness to (fully) receive him; not on the(a bit of) chance of his not attacking, but rather on the fact that we have made (exceptionally) our position unassailable(major place manifest well).

4 There are (exactly) five dangerous faults which may affect(basically influence) a general: (1) Recklessness, which leads (totally) to destruction; (2) cowardice, which leads to capture(being taken captive); (3) a hasty temper, which can be (exceptionally) provoked by insults; (4) a delicacy of honor which is sensitive to shame(major shames); (5) over-solicitude for his men, which exposes him to worry and trouble. These are the five besetting sins of a general, (absolutely) ruinous to the conduct(way of behaving) of war. When an army is (exceptionally) overthrown and its leader slain, the cause will surely be found (just) among these (exactly) five dangerous. Let them be a (basic) subject of (learning and heavy meditation)meditation.



Source:   
九变- Variation in Tactics - Chinese Text Project



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孙子兵法•九变


孙子曰：凡用兵之法，将受命于君，合军聚众；圮地无舍，衢地合交，绝地无留，围地则谋，死地则战，途有所不由，军有所不击，城有所不攻，地有所不争，君命有所不受。故将通于九变之利者，知用兵矣。将不通于九变之利者，虽知地形，不能得地之利矣。治兵不知九变之术，虽知地利，不能得人之用矣。
是故智者之虑，必杂于利害，杂于利而务可信也，杂于害而患（含：中）可解也。是故屈诸侯者以害，役诸侯者以业，趋诸侯者以利。
故用兵之法，无恃其（含：共）不来，恃吾有以待之；无恃其不攻，恃吾有所不可攻也。
故将有五危：必死可杀，必生可虏，忿速可侮，廉洁可辱，爱民可烦；凡此五危，将之过也，用兵之灾也。覆军杀将，必以五危，不可不察也。