最后的审判 (467) 羅塞塔石碑碑文从希腊文到英文 解读

日月同辉有其中

The Rosetta Stone: Translation of the Greek Section


1. In the reign of the young one who has succeeded his father in the kingship, lord of diadems, most glorious, who has established Egypt and is pious

2. Towards the gods, triumphant over his enemies, who has restored the civilised life of men, lord of the Thirty Years Festivals1, even as Hephaistos2 the Great, a king like the Sun3,

3. Great king of the Upper and Lower countries4, offspring of the Gods Philopatores, one of whom Hephaistos has approved, to whom the Sun has given victory, the living image of Zeus5, son of the Sun, Ptolemy

4. Living for ever, beloved of Ptah, in the ninth year, when Aetos son of Aetos was priest of Alexander, and the Gods Soteres, and the Gods Adelphoi, and the Gods Euergetai, and the Gods Philopatores6 and

5. The God Epiphanes Eucharistos; Pyrrha daughter of Philinos being Athlophoros of Berenike Euergetis; Areia daughter of Diogenes being Kanephoros of Arsinoe Philadelphos; Irene

6. Daughter of Ptolemy being Priestess of Arsinoe Philopator7; the fourth of the month of Xandikos, according to the Egyptians the 18th Mekhir. DECREE. There being assembled the Chief Priests and Prophets and those who enter the inner shrine for the robing of the

7. Gods, and the Fan-bearers and the Sacred Scribes and all the other priests from the temples throughout the land who have come to meet the king at Memphis, for the feast of the assumption

8. By Ptolemy, the ever-living, the beloved of Ptah, the God Epiphanes Eucharistos, the kingship in which he succeeded his father, they being assembled in the temple in Memphis this day declared:

9. Whereas king Ptolemy, the ever-living, the beloved of Ptah, the god Epiphanes Eucharistos, the son of King Ptolemy and Queen Arsinoe, the Gods Philopatores, has been a benefactor both to the temples and

10. To those who dwell in them, as well as all those who are his subjects, being a god sprung from a god and goddess (like Horus the son of Isis and Osiris, who avenged his father Osiris)8 (and) being benevolently disposed towards

11. The gods, has dedicated to the temples revenues in money and corn and has undertaken much outlay to bring Egypt into prosperity, and to establish the temples,

12. And has been generous with all his own means; and of the revenues and taxes levied in Egypt some he has wholly remitted and others he has lightened, in order that the people and all the others might be

13. In prosperity during his reign; and whereas he has remitted the debts to the crown being many in number which they in Egypt and in the rest of the kingdom owed; and whereas those who were

14. In prison and those who were under accusation for a long time, he has freed of the charges against them; and whereas he has directed that the gods shall continue to enjoy the revenues of the temples and the yearly allowances given to them, both of

15. Corn and money, likewise also the revenue assigned to the gods from vine land and from gardens and the other properties which belonged to the gods in his father’s time;

16. And whereas he directed also, with regard to the priests, that they should pay no more as the tax for admission to the priesthood than what was appointed them throughout his father’s reign and until the first year of his own reign; and has relieved the members of the

17. Priestly orders from the yearly journey to Alexandria; and whereas he has directed that impressment for the navy shall no longer be employed; and of the tax in byssus9 cloth paid by the temples to the crown he

18. Has remitted two-thirds; and whatever things were neglected in former times he has restored to their proper condition, having a care how the traditional duties shall be fittingly paid to the gods;

19. And likewise has apportioned justice to all, like Hermes10 the great and great; and has ordained that those who return of the warrior class, and of others who were unfavourably

20. Disposed in the days of the disturbances11, should, on their return be allowed to occupy their old possessions; and whereas he provided that cavalry and infantry forces and ships should be sent out against those who invaded

21. Egypt by sea and by land, laying out great sums in money and corn in order that the temples and all those who are in the land might be in safety; and having

22. Gone to Lycopolis12 in the Busirite nome, which had been occupied and fortified against a siege with an abundant store of weapons, and all other supplies (seeing that disaffection was now of long

23. Standing among the impious men gathered into it, who had perpetrated much damage to the temples and to all the inhabitants of Egypt), and having

24. Encamped against it, he surrounded it with mounds and trenches and elaborate fortifications; when the Nile made a great rise in the eighth year (of his reign), whichusually floods the

25. Plains, he prevented it, by damming at many points the outlets of the channels (spending upon this no small amount of money), and setting cavalry and infantry to guard

26. Them, in a short time he took the town by storm and destroyed all the impious men in it, even as Hermes and Horus, the son of Isis and Osiris, formerly subdued the rebels in the same

27. District13; and as to those who had led the rebels in the time of his father and who had disturbed the land and done wrong to the temples, he came to Memphis to avenge

28. His father and his own kingship, and punished them all as they deserved, at the time that he came there to perform the proper ceremonies for the assumption of the crown; and whereas he remitted what

29. Was due to the crown in the temples up to his eighth year, being no small amount of corn and money; so also the fines for the byssus

30. Cloth not delivered to the crown, and of those delivered, the several fees for their verification, for the same period; and he also freed the temples of (the tax of) the artabe14 for every aroura15 of sacred land and likewise

31. The jar of wine for each aroura of vine land; and whereas he bestowed many gifts upon Apis and Mnevis and upon the other sacred animals in Egypt, because he was much more considerate than the kings before him of all that belonged to

32. The gods; and for their burials he gave what was suitable lavishly and splendidly, and what was regularly paid to their special shrines, with sacrifices and festivals and other customary observances;

33. And he maintained the honours of the temples and of Egypt according to the laws; and he adorned the temple of Apis with rich work, spending upon it gold and silver

34. And precious stones, no small amount; and whereas he has founded temples and shrines and altars, and has repaired those requiring it, having the spirit of a beneficent god in matters pertaining to

35. Religion; and whereas after enquiry he has been renewing the most honourable of the temples during his reign, as is becoming,; in requital of which things the gods have given him health, victory and power, and all other good things,

36. And he and his children shall retain the kingship for all time. WITH PROPITIOUS FORTUNE: It was resolved by the priests of all the temples in the land to increase greatly the existing honours of

37. King PTOLEMY, THE EVER-LIVING, THE BELOVED OF PTAH, THE GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS, likewise those of his parents the Gods Philopatores, and of his ancestors, the Gods Euergetai and

38. The Gods Adelphoi and the Gods Soteres and to set up in the most prominent place of every temple an image of the EVER-LIVING King PTOLEMY, THE BELOVED OF PTAH, THE GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS,

39. An image which shall be called that of ‘PTOLEMY, the defender of Egypt’, beside which shall stand the principal god of the temple, handing him the weapon of victory16, all of which shall be manufactured (in the Egyptian)

40. fashion; and that the priests shall pay homage to the images three times a day, and put upon them the sacred garments, and perform the other usual honours such as given to the other gods in the Egyptian

41. festivals; and to establish for King PTOLEMY, THE GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS, sprung of King Ptolemy and Queen Arsinoe, the Gods Philopatores, a statue and golden shrine in each of the

42. Temples, and to set it up in the inner chamber with the other shrines; and in the great festivals in which the shrines are carried in procession the shrine of the GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS shall be carried in procession with them.

43. And in order that it may be easily distinguishable now and for all time, there shall be set upon the shrine the ten gold diadems of the king, to which shall be added a uraeus17 but instead of

44. The uraeus-shaped diadems which are upon the other shrines, in the centre of them shall be the crown called Pschent18 which he put on when he went into the temple at Memphis

45. To perform therein the ceremonies for assuming the kingship; and there shall be placed on the square surface round about the diadems, beside the aforementioned crown, golden symbols (eight in number signifying)

46. That it is (the shrine) of the king who makes manifest the Upper and Lower countries. And since it is the 30th of Mesore on which the birthday of the king is celebrated, and likewise (the 17th of Paophi)

47. On which he succeeded his father in the kingship, they have held these days in honour as name-days in the temples, since they are sources of great blessings for all; it was further decreed that a festival shall be kept in the temples throughout Egypt

48. On these days in every month, on which there shall be sacrifices and libations and all the ceremonies customary at the other festivals (and the offerings shall be given to the priests who)

49. Serve in the temples. And a festival shall be kept for King PTOLEMY, THE EVER-LIVING, THE BELOVED OF PTAH, THE GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS, yearly in the temples throughout the

50. Land from the 1st of Thoth for five days, in which they shall wear garlands and perform sacrifices and libations and the other usual honours, and the priests (in each temple) shall be called

51. Priests of the GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS in addition to the names of the other gods whom they serve; and his priesthood shall be entered upon all formal documents (and engraved upon the rings which they wear);

52. And private individuals shall also be allowed to keep the festival and set up the aforementioned shrine and have it in their homes, performing the aforementioned celebrations

53. Yearly, in order that it may be known to all that the men of Egypt magnify and honour the GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS the king, according to the law. This decree shall be inscribed on a stela of

54. Hard stone in sacred [that is hieroglyphic] and native [that is demotic] and Greek characters and set up in each of the first, second, and third [rank] temples beside the image of the ever living king.16



Source:
The Rosetta Stone: Translation of the Greek Section - Internet ...
Egyptian Texts : Rosetta Stone (Demotic) - Attalus.org
Egyptian Texts : Rosetta Stone - Attalus.org



References：
Rosetta Stone - Wikipedia
羅塞塔石碑- 维基百科，自由的百科全书
The Mystery of the Rosetta Stone - YouTube
Mystery of the Rosetta Stone - Discovering Ancient Egypt
羅塞塔石碑（Rosetta Stone）：為什麼它是大英博物館的鎮館 ...
古埃及象形文字介紹|大英博物館鎮館之寶是什麼|羅 ... - YouTube




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The Rosetta Stone: Translation of the Greek Section


1. In the reign of the young one who has succeeded his father in the kingship, lord of diadems, most glorious, who has established Egypt and is pious

2. Towards the gods, triumphant over his enemies, who has restored the civilised life of men, lord of the Thirty Years Festivals1, even as Hephaistos the Great, a king like the Sun(In the reign of the young king who has briefly inherited his great father in the exalted kingship, lord of diadems, most glorious, who justly has made the state proud and is exactly dedicateds towards the gods, big-winning over his every single enemy, who has rebuilt the enlightened life of men, lord of the exalted Thirty Years Festivals, even as Hephaistos the Great, a king just as same as the Sun),

3. Great king of the Upper and Lower countries4, offspring of the Gods Philopatores, one of whom Hephaistos has approved, to whom the Sun has given victory, the living image of Zeus5, son of the Sun, Ptolemy

4. Living for ever, beloved of Ptah, in the ninth year, when Aetos son of Aetos was priest of Alexander, and the Gods Soteres, and the Gods Adelphoi, and the Gods Euergetai, and the Gods Philopatores6 and

5. The God Epiphanes Eucharistos(extraordinary king of the Upper and Lower both kingdoms, the very offspring of the brilliant Gods Philopatores, exceptional one of whom Hephaistos has just approved, to whom the Sun has exactly given large victory, the beautifully living image of Zeus, son of the Sun, Ptolemy living for ever, beloved of Ptah, in the ninth year, when Egyptian Aetos son of Aetos was priest of Alexander, and the spiritual Gods Soteres, and just along the majestic Gods Adelphoi, and the extraordinary Gods Euergetai, and the brilliant Gods Philopatores and the mighty God Epiphanes Eucharistos); Pyrrha daughter of Philinos being Athlophoros of Berenike Euergetis; Areia daughter of Diogenes being Kanephoros of Arsinoe Philadelphos; Irene6. Daughter of Ptolemy being Priestess of Arsinoe Philopator7(Pyrrha daughter of Philinos being Athlophoros of Berenike Euergetis; exact Areia daughter of Diogenes being just as same as Kanephoros of Arsinoe Philadelphos; excellent Irene Daughter of Ptolemy being the very Priestess of Arsinoe Philopator); the fourth of the month of Xandikos, according to the Egyptians the 18th Mekhir. DECREE. There being assembled the Chief Priests and Prophets and those who enter the inner shrine for the robing of the

7. Gods, and the Fan-bearers and the Sacred Scribes and all the other priests from the temples throughout the land who have come to meet the king at Memphis, for the feast of the assumption

8. By Ptolemy, the ever-living, the beloved of Ptah, the God Epiphanes Eucharistos, the kingship in which he succeeded his father, they being assembled in the temple in Memphis this day declared(being the fourth of the month of Xandikos, according to the major Egyptians the 18th Mekhir DECREE of the sixth month of the Egyptian old calendars. There being assembled tightly the Chief Priests and Prophets and those who enter the inner shrine for the robing of the extraordinary Gods, and the just amply Fan-bearers and the exceptional Holy scribblers and every single priest from the every single believing temple cross[X] the kingdom's land who have come to meet the king just at Memphis exceptionally, for the feast of the big gathering by Ptolemy, the ever-living, the beloved of intelligent Ptah, the exceptional God, majestic almighty Epiphanes Eucharistos, the extraordinary throne in which he succeeded his father, they being assembled in the temple in Memphis this day sincerely declared):

9. Whereas king Ptolemy, the ever-living, the beloved of Ptah, the god Epiphanes Eucharistos, the son of King Ptolemy and Queen Arsinoe, the Gods Philopatores, has been a benefactor both to the temples and

10. To those who dwell in them, as well as all those who are his subjects, being a god sprung from a god and goddess (like Horus the son of Isis and Osiris, who avenged his father Osiris)8 (and) being benevolently disposed towards

11. The gods, has dedicated to the temples revenues in money and corn and has undertaken much outlay to bring Egypt into prosperity, and to establish the temples,

12. And has been generous with all his own means(Whereas brilliant king Ptolemy, the ever-living, the exceptionally beloved of Ptah, the majestic almighty god Epiphanes Eucharistos, the extraordinary son of King Ptolemy and Queen Arsinoe, the terrible and loving Gods Philopatores, has been a kindly humanitarian both to the temples and to those who dwell in them, as well as all those who are his subjects, being a god sprung from an exceptional god and goddess (just as same as Horus, the exceptional son of Isis and Osiris, who avenged his father Osiris and) being benevolently disposed towards the gods, has dedicated to the temples yearly incomes in money and corn and has undertaken much outlay to bring Egypt into exceptional prosperity, and to just establish the temples, and has been extraordinarily generous with all his own means and belongings); and of the revenues and taxes levied in Egypt some he has wholly remitted and others he has lightened, in order that the people and all the others might be

13. In prosperity during his reign; and whereas he has remitted the debts to the crown being many in number which they in Egypt and in the rest of the kingdom owed; and whereas those who were

14. In prison and those who were under accusation for a long time, he has freed of the charges against them; and whereas he has directed that the gods shall continue to enjoy the revenues of the temples and the yearly allowances given to them, both of

15. Corn and money, likewise also the revenue assigned to the gods from vine land and from gardens and the other properties which belonged to the gods in his father’s time(and of the yearly incomes, belongings and taxes imposed all in Egypt some he just has remitted absolutely and others he has relaxed, in order that the people and all the others might be in prosperity during his solitary reign; and whereas he has remitted the debts to the crown being excessive all over which they just are in Egypt mainly and in the rest of the kingdom owed; and whereas those who were exactly in prison and those who were being under heavy accusation for a long time, he has freed of the charges being against them; and whereas he has exactly directed that the gods shall continue to enjoy the annual incomes of the temples and the yearly allowances given exceptionally to them, both of corn and money, likewise also the revenue assigned to the gods from every vine land and from gardens and the other properties which belonged to the gods in his great father’s time);

16. And whereas he directed also, with regard to the priests, that they should pay no more as the tax for admission to the priesthood than what was appointed them throughout his father’s reign and until the first year of his own reign; and has relieved the members of the

17. Priestly orders from the yearly journey to Alexandria; and whereas he has directed that impressment for the navy shall no longer be employed; and of the tax in byssus9 cloth paid by the temples to the crown he

18. Has remitted two-thirds; and whatever things were neglected in former times he has restored to their proper condition, having a care how the traditional duties shall be fittingly paid to the gods(And whereas he exactly directed also, with just regard to the temple priests, that they should pay no more as the tax for admission at all to the priesthood than what was basically appointed them throughout his father’s solitary reign and until the beginning year of his exceptionally own reign; and has just avoided the members of the exceptional orders from the yearly journey to Alexandria; besides he has directed that impressment for the navy shall no longer be employed; and of the tax in byssus cloth paid by the temples to the crown he has greatly and exactly remitted two-thirds; also whatever things were neglected majorly in past times he has extraordinarily restored to their beginning condition, having a care how the any traditional duties shall be fittingly paid to the brilliant gods);

19. And likewise has apportioned justice to all, like Hermes10 the great and great; and has ordained that those who return of the warrior class, and of others who were unfavourably

20. Disposed in the days of the disturbances11, should, on their return be allowed to occupy their old possessions; and whereas he provided that cavalry and infantry forces and ships should be sent out against those who invaded

21. Egypt by sea and by land, laying out great sums in money and corn in order that the temples and all those who are in the land might be in safety(And likewise has extraordinarily apportioned justice to all, like Hermes the great and great; and has fixed that those who arrive back of the brave fighting man class, and of others who were unfavourably disposed in the days of the basic incidents, ought to, on their return be exceptionally allowed to just have their former possessions; and whereas he fixed up that infantry and cavalry forces and ships should be sent out against those who invaded Egypt by sea and by land, laying out big sums in money and corn in order that the large number of temples and extraordinarily all those who are just in the land might be in safety); and having

22. Gone to Lycopolis12 in the Busirite nome, which had been occupied and fortified against a siege with an abundant store of weapons, and all other supplies (seeing that disaffection was now of long

23. Standing among the impious men gathered into it, who had perpetrated much damage to the temples and to all the inhabitants of Egypt), and having

24. Encamped against it, he surrounded it with mounds and trenches and elaborate fortifications(and having gone to Lycopolis in the Busirite nome which is one of the thirty-six territorial divisions of Egypt, and had been occupied and fortified against a siege with a plenty of stockpiled weapons, and all other supplies (by seeing that extra disaffection was now of just long standing among the sinful men gathered into it, who had perpetrated excessive damage to the temples and to all the inhabitants of Egypt), and by having bivouacked against it, he girdled it with exceptional mounds and just ample trenches and complex fortifications); when the Nile made a great rise in the eighth year (of his reign), whichusually floods the

25. Plains, he prevented it, by damming at many points the outlets of the channels (spending upon this no small amount of money), and setting cavalry and infantry to guard

26. Them, in a short time he took the town by storm and destroyed all the impious men in it, even as Hermes and Horus, the son of Isis and Osiris, formerly subdued the rebels in the same

27. District13(when the Nile made a big rise in the eighth year of his reign, which habitually floods the plains, he guarded against it, by damming at excessive locations and the major outfalls of many channels which expending upon this no small amount of money, and by setting cavalry and infantry to observe them, in not long time he exterminated the town just as same as a storm and extinguished all the impious human being in it, even as Hermes and Horus, the only son of Isis and Osiris, formerly subdued the rebels in the same region); and as to those who had led the rebels in the time of his father and who had disturbed the land and done wrong to the temples, he came to Memphis to avenge

28. His father and his own kingship, and punished them all as they deserved, at the time that he came there to perform the proper ceremonies for the assumption of the crown(and as to those who had led the rebels in the time of his father and who had extremely disturbed the nation and done wrong to the temples, he just came to Memphis exceptionally to avenge for his beloved father and his own kingship, and punished anyone involved as they deserved, for the time being that he came there to extraordinarily perform the justifiable ceremonies for the assumption of the crown); and whereas he remitted what

29. Was due to the crown in the temples up to his eighth year, being no small amount of corn and money; so also the fines for the byssus

30. Cloth not delivered to the crown, and of those delivered, the several fees for their verification, for the same period(and whereas he exactly remitted what was due to the noble crown in the temples up to his eighth year in the past, being excessive amount of jumbo corns as well as money; so he exactly remitted also the big fines for the byssus cloth not consigned to the royal family, and of those delivered, being  the several fees for their examination, for just the same stage); and he also freed the temples of (the tax of) the artabe14 for every aroura15 of sacred land and likewise

31. The jar of wine for each aroura of vine land; and whereas he bestowed many gifts upon Apis and Mnevis and upon the other sacred animals in Egypt, because he was much more considerate than the kings before him of all that belonged to

32. The gods; and for their burials he gave what was suitable lavishly and splendidly, and what was regularly paid to their special shrines, with sacrifices and festivals and other customary observances;

33. And he maintained the honours of the temples and of Egypt according to the laws; and he adorned the temple of Apis with rich work, spending upon it gold and silver

34. And precious stones, no small amount(and he exactly remitted also the temples of the tax, being the artabe for every single aroura of blest land and likewise the jar of wine for every single aroura of vine land; and whereas he extraordinarily bestowed many gifts majorly upon Apis and Mnevis and exceptionally upon the other blest animals in Egypt, since he was much more obliging than the kings before him of all that belonged to the extremely wise gods; and for their burials he gave what was subject amply and resplendently, and what was regularly paid to their exact special holy places, with sacrifices and festivals and other habitual observances; And genarally he maintained the basic honours of the temples and of Egypt exactly according to the regulations; and he majorly adorned the temple of Apis with experienced labors, by spending upon it with plenty of silver and gold and precious stones, being which being not an exactly tiny amount); and whereas he has founded temples and shrines and altars, and has repaired those requiring it, having the spirit of a beneficent god in matters pertaining to

35. Religion; and whereas after enquiry he has been renewing the most honourable of the temples during his reign, as is becoming,; in requital of which things the gods have given him health, victory and power, and all other good things,

36. And he and his children shall retain the kingship for all time(and whereas he has majorly established temples and extra shrines and altars, also has furbished up those requiring it, by having the spirit of a beneficent god exactly in matters pertaining to religion; and whereas after enquiry he just has been resuming the most honourable of the temples during his exact domination, as is becoming actually, in return of which basic things the gods have exactly given him health, victory and jurisdiction, and all other remarkable things, and he and exactly his children shall hold the invincible kingship for all time). WITH PROPITIOUS FORTUNE: It was resolved by the priests of all the temples in the land to increase greatly the existing honours of

37. King PTOLEMY, THE EVER-LIVING, THE BELOVED OF PTAH, THE GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS, likewise those of his parents the Gods Philopatores, and of his ancestors, the Gods Euergetai and

38. The Gods Adelphoi and the Gods Soteres and to set up in the most prominent place of every temple an image of the EVER-LIVING King PTOLEMY, THE BELOVED OF PTAH, THE GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS,

39. An image which shall be called that of ‘PTOLEMY, the defender of Egypt’, beside which shall stand the principal god of the temple, handing him the weapon of victory16, all of which shall be manufactured (in the Egyptian)

40. fashion(WITH LUCKY FORTUNE: It was determined by the priests of all the temples in the land to increase greatly the existing accolades of king PTOLEMY, THE EVER-LIVING, THE BELOVED OF PTAH, THE MAJESTIC ALMIGHTY GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS, likewise exceptionally those of his parents being the Gods Philopatores, and any of his ancestors, the brilliant Gods Euergetai and the extraordinary Gods Adelphoi and the Gods Soteres and to just frame in the most exceptional place of every temple a brilliant image of the ETERNALLY King PTOLEMY, THE BELOVED OF PTAH, THE GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS, an image which shall be exactly titled that of ‘PTOLEMY, the defender of Egypt’, beside which shall stand majorly the principal god of the temple, submitting him the exceptional weapon of victory, all of which shall be manufactured in the Egyptian fashion); and that the priests shall pay homage to the images three times a day, and put upon them the sacred garments, and perform the other usual honours such as given to the other gods in the Egyptian41. festivals(and that the priests shall pay tribute obediently to the images exactly three times a day, and put upon them the major sacred garments, and execute the other ordinary honours such as brought to the other gods in the Egyptian festivals); and to establish for King PTOLEMY, THE GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS, sprung of King Ptolemy and Queen Arsinoe, the Gods Philopatores, a statue and golden shrine in each of the42. Temples, and to set it up in the inner chamber with the other shrines; and in the great festivals in which the shrines are carried in procession the shrine of the GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS shall be carried in procession with them(and to establish for King PTOLEMY, THE EXTRAORDINARY GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS, sprung of majestic monarch Ptolemy and Queen Arsinoe, the exceptional Gods Philopatores, a brilliant statue and golden shrine in each of the temples, and to set it up respectfully in the inner chamber with the other shrines; and in the great festivals in which the shrines are carried exactly in parade the shrine of the majestic almighty GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS shall be carried extraordinarily in procession with them).

43. And in order that it may be easily distinguishable now and for all time, there shall be set upon the shrine the ten gold diadems of the king, to which shall be added a uraeus17 but instead of

44. The uraeus-shaped diadems which are upon the other shrines, in the centre of them shall be the crown called Pschent18 which he put on when he went into the temple at Memphis

45. To perform therein the ceremonies for assuming the kingship; and there shall be placed on the square surface round about the diadems, beside the aforementioned crown, golden symbols (eight in number signifying)(And in order that it may be distinguishable easily now and in the future, there shall be set upon the shrine the ten gold diadems of the king, to which shall be added an extra uraeus but instead of the just diadems in uraeus shape of which are exceptionally upon the other shrines, in the centre of them shall be the crown being called Pschent which he put on when he openly went into the temple at Memphis to perform therein the celebrations for assuming the kingship; and there shall be exactly situated on the square surface just round about the diadems, beside the aforementioned exceptional crown, golden symbols with eight in number signifying).

46. That it is (the shrine) of the king who makes manifest the Upper and Lower countries. And since it is the 30th of Mesore on which the birthday of the king is celebrated, and likewise (the 17th of Paophi)

47. On which he succeeded his father in the kingship, they have held these days in honour as name-days in the temples, since they are sources of great blessings for all(That it is the Holy shrine of the brilliant king who makes explicit the Upper and Lower countries. And since it is just the happy 30th of Mesore on which the exact birthday of the king is celebrated, and likewise the seventeenth of great Paophi on which he succeeded his father in the kingship, they have held these days in honour as name-days in the temples, since they are sources of great blessings for all); it was further decreed that a festival shall be kept in the temples throughout Egypt

48. On these days in every month, on which there shall be sacrifices and libations and all the ceremonies customary at the other festivals (and the offerings shall be given to the priests who)

49. Serve in the temples(exactly it was further commanded that a festival shall be just kept usually in the temples cross[X] the native land on these days in every month, on which there shall be sacrifices and offerings and all the ceremonies customary at the other festivals and the offerings shall be given to the high priests who serve in the temples). And a festival shall be kept for King PTOLEMY, THE EVER-LIVING, THE BELOVED OF PTAH, THE GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS, yearly in the temples throughout the

50. Land from the 1st of Thoth for five days, in which they shall wear garlands and perform sacrifices and libations and the other usual honours, and the priests (in each temple) shall be called

51. Priests of the GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS in addition to the names of the other gods whom they serve; and his priesthood shall be entered upon all formal documents (and engraved upon the rings which they wear)(And an excellent festival shall be kept for majestic and marvelous King PTOLEMY, THE EVER-LIVING, THE EXTRAORDINARY AND BELOVED OF PTAH, THE BRILLIANT GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS, yearly in the temples throughout the land beginning from the 1st of exalted egyptian god Thoth for five days, in which the vast majority shall majestically wear garlands and perform excellent immolations and libations and the other general honours, and the priests in every single temple shall be called high-ranking priests of the extraordinary GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS in addition to the just names of the other gods whom they serve; and his exalted priesthood shall be entered upon all superb literatures and engraved upon any rings which they wear);

52. And private individuals shall also be allowed to keep the festival and set up the aforementioned shrine and have it in their homes, performing the aforementioned celebrations

53. Yearly, in order that it may be known to all that the men of Egypt magnify and honour the GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS the king, according to the law(And non-public individuals shall be granted exceedingly also to jointly retain the main festival and extra establish the aforementioned shrine and have it in their beautiful homes, performing the previously-mentioned celebrations yearly, in order that it may be known to every single man of Egypt who maximize and honour the majestic almighty GOD EPIPHANES EUCHARISTOS, the exalted king, according to the law). (This decree shall be inscribed on an everlasting stela of heavy stone in sacred hieroglyphic and aboriginal and Greek exceptional characters of writing and majestically frame the first, second, and third ranked and extraordinary Holy temples beside the well known image of undying king)This decree shall be inscribed on a stela of54. Hard stone in sacred [that is hieroglyphic] and native [that is demotic] and Greek characters and set up in each of the first, second, and third [rank] temples beside the image of the ever living king.




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The Rosetta Stone: Translation of the Greek Section


12. And has been generous with all his own means; and of the revenues and taxes levied in Egypt some he has wholly remitted and others he has lightened, in order that the people and all the others might be

13. In prosperity during his reign; and whereas he has remitted the debts to the crown being many in number which they in Egypt and in the rest of the kingdom owed; and whereas those who were

14. In prison and those who were under accusation for a long time, he has freed of the charges against them; and whereas he has directed that the gods shall continue to enjoy the revenues of the temples and the yearly allowances given to them, both of