关系代名词的用法

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P.S. 关系代名词种类格式在发表后没办法显示清楚,在看的时候要对一下

※关系代名词

◎何谓关系代名词、形容词子句
1.关系代名词具有连接词及代名词的功能
2.先行词是被形容词子句修饰的名词，放在子句前
3.形容词子句是由关系代名词所引导的子句,具形容词性质，
用以修饰先行词，又称关系子句

◎关系代名词种类

先行词 主 格 所 有 格 受 格
人 who whose whom
物.动物 which whose(of which) which
人+物+动物 that X that

ex: The man who came yesterday was happy.
ex: Here is a magazine which develops your mind.
ex: I am talking to the boy whose father is a doctor.
ex: The cat whose color is black is very cute.

◎注意事项：
1.关系代名词当受格用可省略，余不可省略
2.受格关系代名词whom可用who或that代替
ex: The girl whom you talk to is my sister.
= The girl who you talk to is my sister.
= The girl that you talk to is my sister.
= The girl you talk to is my sister.
= The girl to whom you talk is my sister.

◎关系代名词that的特殊用法(一定要用that)
1.先行词前面是最高级形容词时
ex: He is the tallest boy that I have ever seen.
2.先行词是人+动物或人+事物
ex: I saw Mary and her dog that were running in the park.
3.先行词前面有序数
ex: Cathy is the first girl that came yesterday.
4.先行词前面有all ; no ; every ; any ; the only ; the same ; the very
ex: He is the only student that can answer the question.
ex: All the girls that can answer the question can get candies.
5.疑问句以Who ; Which ; What为首的问句
ex: Who is the girl that has long hair?

◎关系代名词that的特殊用法(一定不能用that)
1.介系词之后
ex: Do you know the man to whom John spoke yesterday?
2.逗点之后
ex: I like the house, which is big and new.

◎关系代名词的限定用法（关系代名词与先行词之间无逗点）
ex: I have a brother who lives in Taipei.不只一个哥哥

◎关系代名词的补述用法【非限定】（关系代名词与先行词之间有逗点）
ex: I have a brother, who lives in Taipei.只有一个哥哥

◎关系副词where ; what的用法
1. where表地方,=in which
ex: This is the house where John lives.
= This is the house in which John lives.
=This is the house which John lives in.
= This is the house John lives in.
2. what为不须先行词之复合关系代名词 =the thing(s) which
ex: I believe what you said. =I believe the thing(s) which you said.
ex: She bought what she needed last night.
=She bought the things which she needed last night.

◎关系代名词--关系副词补充
关系副词=先行词+关系代名词（有先行词的是形容词子句，
无先行词的是名词子句）
what = the thing(s) + which ; where = the place in which ;
when = the time when ;why = the reason why ; how = the way
ex: What is expensive is not always good.
ex: This is where he lives.
ex: This is the place where he was born.
ex: I don't know when the game will start.
= I don't know the time when the game will start.
ex: This is why he can't come. = This is the reason why he can't come.
ex: Tell me how they won the game. = Tell me the way they won the game.
(how与the way不能同时出现)

◎关系代名词--分词词组补充
1.先行词主动发出的行为用现在分词
2.先行词被动接受的行为用过去分词
3.形成方法:在省略关系代名词的同时，将be动词或助动词省略，
并将一般动词作上述变化
ex: The boy who is writing in the room likes listening to music.
= The boy writing in the room likes listening to music.
ex: The name which is written on the seat is not clear enough.
= The name written on the seat is not clear enough.
参考数据
http://www.tcwcl.idv.tw/wpwcl/so ... rammer/relation.htm